"The function of science is to reassure; the purpose of art is to upset. Therein lies the value of each."

As we all know science and arts are integral part of our daily life and they play important role in the development of humanity. It would not be fair to say that science always reassures while art is there to upset. They can Reverse their roles too. Science has made our lives easy while art provides relaxation from anxiety and depression. They both share the motive to serve for the humanity. According to me they are interdependent on each other. Both the fields have shown enormous contributions in our diurnal lives to make it better and comfortable. Moreover,no aspect of our life is untouched by science and art.

Furthermore,every invention of science indicates the function of its assurance. We all surrounded by amazing inventions and innovations performed by science to reassure and help us. We know that invention of kitchen appliances like microwave,refrigerator etc have proved to be time saving and reduced the complexity of cooking and preserving the food. Innovations and inventions in science have been conducted according to human needs of that period. Also, invention of computer, Internet and telephone etc have brought the world closer. Our convenience is the basis for inventions. Similarly,in medical field the introduction of advance technology has assured the man and is able to cure deadly disease, which were impossible to cure in ancient times. However,science can upset our lives too. The invention of nuclear weapon and industrialization is detrimental to the environment. The by product of industries,scientific experiment has increased the air and water pollution, which is creating imbalance in environment and could be disastrous for us. In this way, science is reassuring us by providing comfort and leisure, but at the same time advancement of technology have started threatening humanity.

Similarly,art also gives us assurance. Calm and soothing music after long day of work relaxes and energises us. Yoga,aerobics tend to provide mental calmness and healthy life. They also cure the problem related to mental distress. Painting,dancing movements, playing games all make our life enjoyable and free from boredom. Art stimulates different parts of our brains to make us laugh or incite us to riot, with a whole gamut of emotions in between. Art gives us a way to be creative and express ourselves. Art enhances the imagination and creativity. An artist pours his/her emotions and feeling to create a piece of art. This can be feel by looking at the painting. so basically sculptures,paintings,drawing etc evoke human emotion and force us to think and feel the emotions. Art is a way to dispel the feeling of artist to the common man. It sometimes make us happy but a painting depicting destitution, privation, war etc can arouse negative emotions, which might make us upset. So art also possesses dual purpose.

conclusively,art and science both have served for the humanity either to assure or to upset. The functions of them might have different effects on our lives but the presence of them are ineluctable and have become vital part of our lives.

"It is always an individual who is the impetus for innovation; the details may be worked out by a team, but true innovation results from the enterpris

It is said innovation distinguishes between the leader and the follower. Innovation is creating something on basis of existing things for the betterment of society, country or organization. In terms of business, innovation is often interpreted as conversion of ideas into cash and always favorable to humanity. In essence, innovation is invention plus exploitation. According to me innovative ideas can only stem from creative mind and implementation of them may or may not require team work. In other words, innovation is successful implementation of creative ideas for the good cause. We can see huge verity of innovations around us, which brought in comfortable and made our lives easy. All these invention might be the result of team efforts or individual efforts, but the ultimate goal of them have always been human satisfaction and comfort of humankind. Although innovation can be implemented by teamwork or an individual, the birth of that very idea of innovation is the enterprise and unique perception of an individual. The mind who generates the creative idea of innovation always works as a propelling (motivating/prompting) force to implement the idea. Let us plunge into some examples.


An ancient time there was no mean of transportation. People used animals to carry the cumbersome material from one place to another, but the invention of wheel facilitate the process of transportation. It proved very beneficial for humankind as it saved lots of time and manpower.Years went by and creative minds came up with the idea of bikes, motor bicycle ,cars ,trucks and many more vehicles which brought revolution in the history. All these creations are the innovative ideas, which took place in some of the ingenious minds and afterwards got implemented. The successful implementation of these innovative ideas might be team efforts or individual efforts,but their origin is a unique mind. Although the ancient people had awareness about the uses of wheels, they did not know how many different way they could have used it? if no one would have looked at the wheel from different perspective, we still might be living in the ancient time. According to me looking at existing things from different perspective results in innovation, which has always provided enormous contribution in our diurnal life.



Furthermore,innovation has always helped to make our life easygoing and encourages others to brainstorm. All the inventions and innovation are the result of hard work, consistent efforts and limitless passion for the betterment of society, nation or country. Here i would like to illustrate one more example. In Antediluvian times messages were sent through messengers. The messenger used to take long time to reach at the destination. Moreover, there were no mean to stay or eat out during the travelling. It made communication very difficult. Over the period of time when telephone got invented ,it brought the whole world closer. now communication could be done by just dialing few numbers. Although it saved the cost of travelling and manpower, it was not possible for every person to have it. Furthermore, the need of cheaper communicating device became a must and emails, social networking started. Some software applications allow users to make video voice calls over the Internet. The above two examples depicts the development, progress and advancement of the nations and humankind, which is being feasible because of the creative minds and their innovations. These innovative idea came into great minds and then might be got implemented by groups or teams. According to me there is only one mind behind every innovation and its persistence, want of people's welfare and foresight of looking the nation at the pinnacle of achievements are the motivational forces to get the innovation done.


At the end, I will conclude by saying true innovation has always been resulted from enterprise and unique perception of an individual. To achieve this purpose the individual can take help of group or team, but the individual who prompts the group or team to accomplish the innovation, gets the recognition. All the success of the innovation attributed to the mind and its insightful thinking behind it.

"Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."

Laws play in important role in growth of society,nation and country. They are pillar of the healthy and prosperous economy. For controlling the crime rate,protecting rights of citizens and make them to realise their responsibility laws are very necessary. Various types of laws are formulated to keep moving the economical,governmental and political aspects of nations smoothly. Laws are formed for the people living in the country, its therefore their responsibility to accept and obey them. One can not control the recklessness,crimes,havocs and many more unfavorable activities,which promotes great disturbance without the help of laws.

As the Laws are made according to the human needs and circumstances of that particular period. Moreover, human needs and circumstances keep on changing over the period of time, therefore the laws should be flexible enough to mold them according to the needs of society. If laws would be rigid and fixed ,the government will be more like dictatorship. For making the country democratic ,laws should be formed accorrding to human needs and changed correspondingly. Although, laws are made for people residing in country and alter according to the time ,circumstances and place, they should not be so flexible that they can be changed every now and then. Before changing the laws a thorough and insightful thinking is must ,then by taking into consideration the circumstances,human needs and reasons behind the change implementation should be done. Furthermore, over the passage of time one can realise the effectiveness of the law which was implemented in past and can draw out the drawbacks of that particular law and then amendments can be performed to the existing law.

Laws should always be keep on changing to fit in the current situations in any nation,if the change is drastic. They are the only controlling force for rebellious activities of humankind. The Human being has forgot the responsibilities towards nation,society and country, which comes along with human rights. So to make the mass realise their responsibilities laws are enforced and being constitute since the origin of the humanity. For instance, Traffic laws are created to keep the traffic flow smooth and avoid accidents. And on breaking the laws large fines are imposed so that because of the fear of paying large amount of money on minute mistakes ,people may follow the rules and obey the laws. But this all is done to our safety ,so we should take the responsibility. Since this is not done, so they are enforced. Even though the government has the right to form the laws for people, they should always keep in mind public needs and convenience. Any nation will flourish only if the people residing in are happy with the government rules and regulation and respect them.This is the one of the major factor on which country's progress depends.


Furthermore , if the laws are not in the favor of the mass or they become hard to follow, people tend to break them and if this keep on happening continuously ,anarchy would not be far. The nation can reach to extreme disorder situation and this could affect each and every aspect of life as well as nation. So laws should be made for the betterment of the country not just to keep control on some adverse or unfortunate situations. For some nations we can still see the monarchy where laws are rigid and fixed, which may promote the growth of the country but is it conducive in an individual growth? are the people of that countries are happy? Do they have freedom to think and act independently. The people who are living in a country, where laws are flexible enough to take into account the human needs,their independence and circumstance can provide the answer. Although not every country is perfect or not every person in that country would be happy, thinking about nation's people and their prosperity is more than anything else.

"Originality does not mean thinking something that was never thought before; it means putting old ideas together in new ways."

Originality can be described in many ways. Something which is novel or distinctive could be original. On the other hand the ability to derive new ideas from the existing ones or modifying them also be labeled as originality. Original could means something which stands out from the rest and has its own unique identity. It does not matter whether the idea stem from the existing ideas or novel . Thus originality might mean thinking something new,bringing new ideas from the old thoughts or even looking at the existing from a different perspective.


In the history of art , be it the masterpiece of sculpture "The Pieta" by Michelangelo or be it the painting of "The last supper " be Leonardo DA Vinci ,both are the indelible examples of originality of art work. Although both of them were based on the same concept of Jesus in Christianity. Thus originality need not be something that has been never thought before.During Renaissance, many artists had come up with the variety of art work based on the same concept of Christianity ,be it the paintings or sculptures.Thus, originality could be define as looking at the same concept at different perspective.


The thought of establishing a constitution by USA after American Revolution was definitely a innovative idea. To govern a country by the laws in a manuscript was really something breakthrough with traditions. Afterwards,the concept of adding amendments to it ,which helps in correcting,altering ,adding or omitting (for the betterment )the laws as per the circumstances was also original even though it was the extension of the previously existing novel thought.


Furthermore,originality could also be a idea which already existed from the beginning of the world but no one thought of it. The idea behind the Theory of gravity was already existed but no one noticed it. Newton was the first scientist to set forth the concept of gravity and explained it. Newton's calculation changed the way people understood the universe ,and which was labeled as original and distinct.


In my word originality might mean thinking different from the crowd that is conducive in some aspect of life,nation or universe. All the inventions either based on existing or novel idea has been proved auspicious for humanity if we use them for betterment of life.

At the end, originality has an identity of its own. Whatever is original should be distinguishable from the crowd. It does not matter how that identity was created, whether it was a completely new idea or just reshuffling of old ones is quite irrelevant. As long as it is "new", an idea is original. The formulation of something new by putting existing ideas in novel fashion can also be claimed as original.

"Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time."

I will start by defining what is “truth really means”. According to me truth is what we experienced throughout our life and majority of masses are also concord with it. Often,some ideas which seem harmonious to our thought are also considered as truth. Although truth is always bitter and hard to accept, if its not supported by the society which we live in. It tends to go against the accepted thoughts and beliefs at that time. Women’s suffrage, the civil rights movement, labor unions rights etc were accepted after much resistance because they suggested sharing of privileges and rights which were hitherto exclusive to some.

First of all,truth is nothing more than reality. As being human we tend to believe in what the society wants us to believe despite of having our own opinions and beliefs. I would like to illustrate Galileo's example to support my point. Galileo has known as "Father of modern science" and his contribution in the field of observational astronomy is remarkable. He supported the Copernican theory which states that sun is the center of universe.This Heliocentric theory is proposed by Copernicus and then supported by Kepler. These two men and their theories are accepted by Jesuit community. But Galileo had its own doubts,so he studied these theories deeply and tried to prove them as a truth using his first telescope. As a theory the Catholic church and its prelates also accepted it but they were not ready to accept it as a truth because of biblical passage that suggests the same view as Geocentric theory. But he did not give up and attacked the Plometical's view,teaching of Aristotle and more detrimentally the biblical scripture. Although lack of the evidences proved him wrong and he was punished for his course of actions. But his efforts and telling the truth outrageously did not waisted. As most recent science has shown that Galileo and his opponents were partially true.Galileo was right in asserting the mobility of the earth and wrong in asserting the immobility of the sun. His opponents were right in asserting the mobility of the sun and wrong in asserting the immobility of the earth. Thus, we can say important truth ,that is,earth is the center of Universe came out outrageously and it did opposed by the accepted wisdom at that time.


In most of the well-accepted social customs, which need to be changed with time, we use to notice that any change is meet with a lot of resistance. One prominent example of this is sati pratha, which was practiced in India for many decades. During earlier time when Indian kings were attacked by Muslim invaders and defeated, the ladies whose husbands have been killed in the war, were burn alive with the dead body of their husband to save them from the molestation by the invading army. This has taken the form of custom with time and when Raja Ram Mohan Rai has started his fight against this custom, it was met with stiff resistance from the orthodox class of the Hindu society.He delved into the scriptures in great detail and proved that the practice of Sati could not gain moksha (salvation) for the husband as each man was responsible for his own destiny.

But, there is another aspect of this statement. Not only implementations of the important truth are met with resistance, but any implementation, either right or wrong, are met with the same resistance.

In conclusion, I can say that not only important truths begin as outrageous attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time but also any change in the accepted wisdom, either right or wrong, begins in the same manner. So, it is ‘change’ in the ‘accepted wisdom’, which is met with stiff resistance and not only important truth. ‘Change’ is the rule of nature and we should be prudent to that change.